Final Year Projects for Biotechnology

What is Biotechnology?

Biotechnology engineers tend to work with a broad range of medical, technical and admin professionals. The key skillsets include:

• Tissue culture is one of the most widely used techniques in any biological or biomedical research lab. If you are looking for a placement or job, tissue culture will be a very valuable biotechnology skill to have.



• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to make many copies of a specific DNA region in vitro. 



• Gel electrophoresis is another widely used technique in molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics and modern biotechnology.



• Western blot, also known as protein immunoblot, is a popular molecular biology technique for the detection and analysis of proteins based on their ability to bind to specific antibodies.



• ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a popular format of “wet-lab” type analytic biochemistry assay that uses a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence of a substance, usually an antigen ( peptides, proteins, antibodies and hormones), in a liquid sample or wet sample.



• Molecular cloning or simply gene cloning is a molecular biology technique that is used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms.



• Flow cytometry is a laser- or impedance-based technique used in cell counting, cell sorting, biomarker detection and protein engineering, by suspending cells in a stream of fluid and passing them through an electronic detection apparatus.



• Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that ionises chemical species and sorts the ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio. 



• Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of adding a spatial pin-hole placed at the confocal plane of the lens to eliminate out-of-focus light. 



• Cell-based assays are extremely useful for studying cellular mechanisms in a biological context.



• Apart from the wet lab techniques, data analysis using proper statistical methods and software is very important in biotechnology and medical research.