Soft Switching Converter MATLAB — Simulation & Power Modeling

Abstract — Soft Switching Converter MATLAB

stages with resonant soft-switching elements and a high-frequency transformer to achieve both step-up/step-down voltage regulation that can be used in applications where high efficiency and improved power quality need to be maintained. An accurate control over the DC-link voltage regulation and the input current shaping is achieved by implementing a dual-loop control strategy with an outer voltage regulation loop and an inner current control loop utilizing proportional–integral (PI) controllers. The converter switches at 15 kHz with an input supply of 190 V AC and generates a regulated output voltage of 270 V DC for EV battery charging. MATLAB/Simulink simulations to validate the maximum performance of the proposed factor of 0.998, a total harmonic distortion (THD) of about 2.1% for the input current, and peak efficiency close to 97%. The results validate the capability of the enhanced hybrid boost–buck PFC converter in achieving high efficiency, reduced harmonic distortion and maintaining tight voltage regulation compared to previously reported PFC topologies, which makes it The rapid expansion of electric vehicles (EVs) has increased the requirements for efficient and reliable charging.

Analytical & State-Space Control Methodology

High-performance power electronic converters for DC power delivery in regulated form with the independence of high stage is a key component that contributes to the overall efficiency and harmonic performance of the charger as well as its input power quality by mitigating harmonic distortion and fulfilling international power quality regulations 1 , 2 , 3 . It is well known that without PFC, conventional AC–DC converters draw highly distorted current from the grid, which not only leads to a poor power factor but also increases heating and EMI in the system, thereby reducing the efficiency and reliability of the system 3 , 4 .Various topologies of power factor correction (PFC) converters like boost, buck–boost, bridgeless and interleaved converters are also present in literature to be utilized in EV charging applications 5 , 6 , 7 . The classic boost PFC converter is the most commonly used option among these converters because of its simple structure and its ability to achieve a power factor that is very close to unity. But the boost converter only allows step-up voltage conversion and cannot regulate the output level below a given input voltage. This restriction eliminates operational flexibility in practical EV charging systems, where battery voltages cover a wide range. In fact, the best efficiencies achievable with conventional boost PFC converters at high power are 92–94% and very often also lead to an input current THD of 6–8%. Buck–boost PFC converters provide a satisfactory input factor, stepping up or down based on dynamic battery charge conditions. However, additional semiconductor devices and larger circulating currents through the power stage offset the gain. System efficiencies ranging from 91 to 93% are then reported; higher THD values (> 7%) are achieved due to large system losses, particularly at high switching frequencies. Moreover, the control structure becomes more complicated because it requires controlling not only the voltage polarity but also the current. Advances in power density have led to the development of interleaved PFC converters that allow multiple converter phases to share the same overall current. Interleaving increases thermal spread and lowers ripple amplitude, but it comes with additional switches, gate drivers, and current balancing circuits. This design leads to higher complexity in the control of the converter and, therefore, to an increased implementation cost. Interleaved PFC converter data show 95–96% system efficiency at 3–4% input current THD 6 . Bridgeless PFC converters eliminate diode bridge rectifiers to reduce conduction losses but introduce high gate driving complexity and common-mode EMI challenges, which limit their delivery include the use of EV nanostructures and switching loss. However, switching losses of the semiconductors and EMI start to dominate at high frequencies, limiting the efficiency and reliability of the converter 8 , 9 . Soft-switching and resonant converter methods, as well known for mitigating such limitations, were investigated 10 . As hybrid resonance converters with zero-voltage switching (ZVS) or zero-current switching (ZCS), they can greatly reduce switching loss and improve efficiency 9 , 11 . Nonetheless, various resonant topologies demand complex resonant tank designs and advanced control algorithms to be integrated into the framework of their respective systems, which significantly increases overall system cost and complexity.

Simulink Waveforms & Power Quality Findings

Hybrid converter architectures integrating two or more conversion approaches have gained significant interest for EV charging applications during the last few years 12 , 13 , 14 . Hybrid Boost–Buck Structures: Hybrid boost–buck structures put together the voltage step-up capability of a boost converter with the voltage step-down capability of buck converters, which allows for flexible voltage regulation and improved power quality. Despite the above improvement, there are some limitations on the existing hybrid PFC converters, such as high control complexity, increased component count, low efficiency under dynamic load conditions, and small input current harmonic reduction. In addition, many of the reported converters lack experimental verification in realistic EV charging conditions.

Scope & Practical Applications

• High-efficiency DC-DC converters and isolated resonant topologies (LLC / DAB)
• Sinusoidal and Space Vector PWM inverters for grid integration & industrial motor drives
• MOSFET / IGBT gate driver optimization with active Miller-clamp shoot-through protection
• Power quality conditioning with Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) strictly compliant with IEEE 519
• Complete Simscape .SLX model files, parameter calculation scripts, and IEEE dissertation reports